Phonetics: IPA from CMU Pronouncing Dictionary, text-to-speech from Google. Morphology: lemmatizer by Takafumi Yamano, inflection from Google Books Ngrams. Vocabulary: theory of semantic primitives by Polish professor Andrzej Bogusławski, formally developed by Anna Wierzbicka and Cliff Goddard, implemented as Learn These Words First by David Bullock according to Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, parsed out of StarDict. Grammar: syntax decoding method by Vera F. Birkenbihl (thanks to Anneli Haake for reference) automated with Google Translate, and Simple English Wikipedia. Wordcloud by Tim Guan-tin Chien.